QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Ares, M Articles by Weiner, A M Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Ares, M Articles by Weiner, A M Social Bookmarking                   What's this?

Research Papers

Distinct factors with Sp1 and NF-A specificities bind to adjacent functional elements of the human U2 snRNA gene enhancer.

Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.

Abstract

The enhancer regions of mammalian and avian U1 and U2 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes are unusual in containing the sequence GGGCGG (GC-box) immediately upstream from the sequence ATGCAAAT (octamer). We made point mutations in the human U2 snRNA enhancer and tested them for the ability to direct U2 transcription in HeLa cells, as well as for the ability to form complexes with factors present in HeLa cell nuclear extracts. We show that neither the GC-box nor the octamer alone is sufficient for enhancer activity in vivo. Mutations in the GC-box reduce the ability of enhancer DNA fragments to bind a factor (probably Sp1), whereas mutations in the octamer independently reduce the ability to bind a second factor (probably nuclear factor A, NF-A). The results suggest that adjacent binding of Sp1 and NF-A is an important feature of some U-snRNA gene enhancers.

CiteULike

Connotea

Del.icio.us

Digg

Reddit

Technorati

This article has been cited by other articles:

				T. Pavelitz, A. D. Bailey, C. P. Elco, and A. M. Weiner Human U2 snRNA Genes Exhibit a Persistently Open Transcriptional State and Promoter Disassembly at Metaphase Mol. Cell. Biol., June 1, 2008; 28(11): 3573 - 3588. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Gu, W. J. Esselman, and R. W. Henry Cooperation between Small Nuclear RNA-activating Protein Complex (SNAPC) and TATA-box-binding Protein Antagonizes Protein Kinase CK2 Inhibition of DNA Binding by SNAPC J. Biol. Chem., July 29, 2005; 280(30): 27697 - 27704. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. M. Mach, B. W. Hargrove, and G. R. Kunkel The Small RNA Gene Activator Protein, SphI Postoctamer Homology-binding Factor/Selenocysteine tRNA Gene Transcription Activating Factor, Stimulates Transcription of the Human Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 Gene J. Biol. Chem., February 8, 2002; 277(7): 4853 - 4858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Myslinski, A. Krol, and P. Carbon ZNF76 and ZNF143 Are Two Human Homologs of the Transcriptional Activator Staf J. Biol. Chem., August 21, 1998; 273(34): 21998 - 22006. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Z. Li, A. D. Bailey, J. Buchowski, and A. M. Weiner A Tandem Array of Minimal U1 Small Nuclear RNA Genes Is Sufficient To Generate a New Adenovirus Type 12Inducible Chromosome Fragile Site J. Virol., May 1, 1998; 72(5): 4205 - 4211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Schuster, A. Krol, and P. Carbon Two Distinct Domains in Staf To Selectively Activate Small Nuclear RNA-Type and mRNA Promoters Mol. Cell. Biol., May 1, 1998; 18(5): 2650 - 2658. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				W. Schul, R. van Driel, and L. de Jong Coiled Bodies and U2 snRNA Genes Adjacent to Coiled Bodies Are Enriched in Factors Required for snRNA Transcription Mol. Biol. Cell, May 1, 1998; 9(5): 1025 - 1036. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. Adachi, H. Saito, T. Tanaka, and T. Oka Molecular Cloning and Characterization of the Murine Staf cDNA Encoding a Transcription Activating Factor for the Selenocysteine tRNA Gene in Mouse Mammary Gland J. Biol. Chem., April 10, 1998; 273(15): 8598 - 8606. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. D. Bailey, T. Pavelitz, and A. M. Weiner The Microsatellite Sequence (CT)n · (GA)n Promotes Stable Chromosomal Integration of Large Tandem Arrays of Functional Human U2 Small Nuclear RNA Genes Mol. Cell. Biol., April 1, 1998; 18(4): 2262 - 2271. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J L Pomerantz, T M Kristie, and P A Sharp Recognition of the surface of a homeo domain protein. Genes & Dev., November 1, 1992; 6(11): 2047 - 2057. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M Williams and N Maizels LR1, a lipopolysaccharide-responsive factor with binding sites in the immunoglobulin switch regions and heavy-chain enhancer. Genes & Dev., December 1, 1991; 5(12a): 2353 - 2361. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S M Lobo, J Lister, M L Sullivan, and N Hernandez The cloned RNA polymerase II transcription factor IID selects RNA polymerase III to transcribe the human U6 gene in vitro. Genes & Dev., August 1, 1991; 5(8): 1477 - 1489. [Abstract] [PDF]

				T M Kristie and P A Sharp Interactions of the Oct-1 POU subdomains with specific DNA sequences and with the HSV alpha-trans-activator protein. Genes & Dev., December 1, 1990; 4(12b): 2383 - 2396. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J H LeBowitz, R G Clerc, M Brenowitz, and P A Sharp The Oct-2 protein binds cooperatively to adjacent octamer sites. Genes & Dev., October 1, 1989; 3(10): 1625 - 1638. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R A Sturm, G Das, and W Herr The ubiquitous octamer-binding protein Oct-1 contains a POU domain with a homeo box subdomain. Genes & Dev., December 1, 1988; 2(12a): 1582 - 1599. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M Tanaka, U Grossniklaus, W Herr, and N Hernandez Activation of the U2 snRNA promoter by the octamer motif defines a new class of RNA polymerase II enhancer elements. Genes & Dev., December 1, 1988; 2(12b): 1764 - 1778. [Abstract] [PDF]

				P Weller, C Bark, L Janson, and U Pettersson Transcription analysis of a human U4C gene: involvement of transcription factors novel to snRNA gene expression. Genes & Dev., November 1, 1988; 2(11): 1389 - 1399. [Abstract] [PDF]

				T Baumruker, R Sturm, and W Herr OBP100 binds remarkably degenerate octamer motifs through specific interactions with flanking sequences. Genes & Dev., November 1, 1988; 2(11): 1400 - 1413. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J H LeBowitz, T Kobayashi, L Staudt, D Baltimore, and P A Sharp Octamer-binding proteins from B or HeLa cells stimulate transcription of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain promoter in vitro. Genes & Dev., October 1, 1988; 2(10): 1227 - 1237. [Abstract] [PDF]

				G R Kunkel and T Pederson Upstream elements required for efficient transcription of a human U6 RNA gene resemble those of U1 and U2 genes even though a different polymerase is used. Genes & Dev., February 1, 1988; 2(2): 196 - 204. [Abstract] [PDF]