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Genes and Development
Vol. 11, No. 17,
pp. 2259-2271,
September 1, 1997
Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa"
(CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid,
Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
This study investigates the role of the homeobox gene
Distal-less (Dll) in the development of the legs,
antennae, and wings of Drosophila. Lack of Dll function
causes a change in the identity of ventral appendage cells (legs and
antennae) that often results in the loss of the appendage. Ectopic Dll
expression in the proximal region of ventral appendages induces
nonautonomous duplication of legs and antennae by the activation of
wingless and decapentaplegic. Ectopic Dll
expression in dorsal appendages produces transformation into
corresponding ventral appendages; wings and halteres develop ectopic
legs and the head-eye region develops ectopic antennae. In the wing,
the exogenous Dll product induces this transformation by activating the
endogenous Dll gene and repressing the wing determinant gene
vestigial. It is proposed that Dll induces the development of ventral appendages and also participates in a genetic address that specifies the identity of ventral appendages and discriminates the dorsal versus the ventral appendages in the adult.
However, unlike other homeotic genes, Dll expression and function is not defined by a cell lineage border. Dll also performs a
secondary and late function required for the normal patterning of the
wing.
[Key Words: Drosophila distal appendages; dorsal-to-ventral limb transformation; Distal-less; vestigial]
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