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Vol. 12, No. 23, pp. 3715-3727, December 1, 1998
Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center,
Durham, North Carolina 27710 USA
Germ-line stem cells (GSCs) serve as the source for gametogenesis in
diverse organisms. We cloned and characterized the Drosophila piwi gene and showed that it is required for the asymmetric
division of GSCs to produce and maintain a daughter GSC but is not
essential for the further differentiation of the committed daughter
cell. Genetic mosaic and RNA in situ analyses suggest that piwi
expression in adjacent somatic cells regulates GSC division.
piwi encodes a highly basic novel protein, well conserved
during evolution. We isolated piwi homologs in
Caenorhabditis elegans and humans and also identified
Arabidopsis piwi-like genes known to be required for meristem
cell maintenance. Decreasing C. elegans piwi expression reduces
the proliferation of GSC-equivalent cells. Thus, piwi represents a
novel class of genes required for GSC division in diverse organisms.
[Key Words: Stem cell; germ line; piwi; cell fate; asymmetric division]
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