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Vol. 13, No. 14, pp. 1794-1806, July 15, 1999
1 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Anatomy
and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of
California, San Francisco, California 94143-0452 USA;
2 Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114 USA
The Caenorhabditis elegans AWA, AWB, and AWC olfactory
neurons are each required for the recognition of a specific subset of
volatile odorants. lim-4 mutants express an AWC reporter gene inappropriately in the AWB olfactory neurons and fail to express an AWB
reporter gene. The AWB cells are morphologically transformed toward an
AWC fate in lim-4 mutants, adopting cilia and axon morphologies characteristic of AWC. AWB function is also transformed in these mutants: Rather than mediating the repulsive behavioral responses appropriate for AWB, the AWB neurons mediate attractive responses, like
AWC. LIM-4 is a predicted LIM homeobox gene that is expressed in AWB and a few other head neurons. Ectopic expression of LIM-4 in the
AWC neuron pair is sufficient to force those cells to adopt an AWB
fate. The AWA nuclear hormone receptor ODR-7 described previously also
represses AWC genes, as well as inducing AWA genes. We propose that the
LIM-4 and ODR-7 transcription factors function to diversify C. elegans olfactory neuron identities, driving them from an AWC-like
state into alternative fates.
[Key Words: Olfactory neuron; cell fate specification; LIM homeobox gene; C. elegans]
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