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Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 620-631, March 1, 1999

RESEARCH PAPER
Mos positively regulates Xe-Wee1 to lengthen the first mitotic cell cycle of Xenopus

Monica S. Murakami,1 Terry D. Copeland,1 and George F. Vande Woude2,3

1  Advanced Bioscience Laboratories (ABL)-Basic Research Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center (NCI-FCRDC), Frederick, Maryland 21702 USA; 2 National Cancer Institute, Division of Basic Sciences, NCI-FCRDC, Frederick, Maryland 21702 USA

Several key developmental events occur in the first mitotic cell cycle of Xenopus; consequently this cycle has two gap phases and is ~60-75 min in length. In contrast, embryonic cycles 2-12 consist only of S and M phases and are 30 min in length. Xe-Wee1 and Mos are translated and degraded in a developmentally regulated manner. Significantly, both proteins are present in the first cell cycle. We showed previously that the expression of nondegradable Mos, during early interphase, delays the onset of M phase in the early embryonic cell cycles. Here we report that Xe-Wee1 is required for the Mos-mediated M-phase delay. We find that Xe-Wee1 tyrosine autophosphorylation positively regulates Xe-Wee1 and is only detected in the first 30 min of the first cell cycle. The level and duration of Xe-Wee1 tyrosine phosphorylation is elevated significantly when the first cell cycle is elongated with nondegradable Mos. Importantly, we show that the tyrosine phosphorylation of Xe-Wee1 is required for the Mos-mediated M-phase delay. These findings indicate that Mos positively regulates Xe-Wee1 to generate the G2 phase in the first cell cycle and establish a direct link between the MAPK signal transduction pathway and Wee1 in vertebrates.

[Key Words: Mos; Xe-Wee1; Xenopus; embryonic cell cycle]

GENES & DEVELOPMENT 13:620-631 © 1999 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press  ISSN 0890-9369/99 $5.00
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