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Vol. 14, No. 14, pp. 1789-1796, July 15, 2000
Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine,
Stanford, California 94305-5120 USA
Long inverted repeats (palindromes) are ubiquitous among prokaryotic
and eukaryotic genomes. Earlier work has implicated both DNA breaks and
short inverted repeats (IRs) in the formation of long palindromes in
yeast and Tetrahymena by a proposed mechanism of intramolecular
recombination. Here we report that long-palindromic linear plasmids are
formed in Streptomyces following double strand DNA breakage by
a nonrecombinational intra-strand annealing process that also involves
IRs. By modification of palindrome-generating linear plasmids and
development of a novel procedure that enables the sequencing of
palindrome junctions, we show that long-palindrome formation occurs by
unimolecular intra-strand annealing of IRs followed by 3' extension
of the resulting DNA fold-back. The consequent hairpin structures serve
as templates for synthesis of duplex linear plasmids containing long
palindromes. We suggest that this model for long-palindrome formation
in Streptomyces may represent a generally applicable mechanism
for generating DNA palindromes.
[Key Words: Palindrome; inverted repeat; linear plasmid; telomere; DNA damage]
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