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Vol. 14, No. 23, pp. 2976-2988, December 1, 2000

RESEARCH PAPER
FtsK functions in the processing of a Holliday junction intermediate during bacterial chromosome segregation

François-Xavier Barre,1 Mira Aroyo,1 Sean D. Colloms,1,3 Annett Helfrich,1 François Cornet,2 and David J. Sherratt1,4

1 Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK; 2 Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France

In bacteria with circular chromosomes, homologous recombination can generate chromosome dimers that cannot be segregated to daughter cells at cell division. Xer site-specific recombination at dif, a 28-bp site located in the replication terminus region of the chromosome, converts dimers to monomers through the sequential action of the XerC and XerD recombinases. Chromosome dimer resolution requires that dif is positioned correctly in the chromosome, and the activity of FtsK, a septum-located protein that coordinates cell division with chromosome segregation. Here, we show that cycles of XerC-mediated strand exchanges form and resolve Holliday junction intermediates back to substrate irrespective of whether conditions support a complete recombination reaction. The C-terminal domain of FtsK is sufficient to activate the exchange of the second pair of strands by XerD, allowing both intra- and intermolecular recombination reactions to go to completion. Proper positioning of dif in the chromosome and of FtsK at the septum is required to sense the multimeric state of newly replicated chromosomes and restrict complete Xer reactions to dimeric chromosomes.

[Key Words: Xer recombination; Holliday junction; chromosome segregation; FtsK]


3 Present address: Division of Molecular Genetics, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G11 6NU, UK.

4 Corresponding author.


GENES & DEVELOPMENT 14:2976-2988 © 2000 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press  ISSN 0890-9369/00 $5.00

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