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Vol. 15, No. 12, pp. 1577-1588, June 15, 2001
1 Institute of Molecular Agrobiology, The National
University of Singapore, Singapore 117604; 2 Research School
of Biological Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra
ACT 2601, Australia; 3 Natural Science Group, National
Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University 639798, Singapore; 4 Swedish University of Agricultural Science,
Petrus Laestadius vag, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
The aerial architecture of flowering plants is determined to a large
extent by shoot growth and shoot branching arising from the initiation
and growth of axillary meristems. We have identified an
Arabidopsis mutant, supershoot (sps), which is
characterized by a massive overproliferation of shoots, such that a
single plant can generate 500 or more inflorescences. Analysis of the
mutant plants shows that the primary defect is because of an increase in the number of meristems formed in leaf axils, together with release
of bud arrest, resulting in reiterative branch formation from rosette
and cauline leaves. The SPS gene is shown here to encode a
cytochrome P450, and together with a 3- to 9-fold increase in levels of
Z-type cytokinins in sps mutant plants, indicate a role for
SPS in modulating hormone levels. The expression pattern of
SPS, with strong expression at the leaf axils, correlates well with the phenotypic defects. Our results indicate that control of shoot
branching in Arabidopsis may be accomplished in part by
suppression of axillary meristem initiation and growth through the
localized attenuation of cytokinin levels at sites of bud initiation.
[Key Words: Axillary meristem; bud initiation; branching; cytochrome P450; cytokinins; apical dominance; Arabidopsis]
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