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Vol. 15, No. 15, pp. 1985-1997, August 1, 2001

RESEARCH PAPER
BIG: a calossin-like protein required for polar auxin transport in Arabidopsis

Pedro Gil,1 Elizabeth Dewey,2 Jiri Friml,3 Yunde Zhao,1 Kimberley C. Snowden,4 Jo Putterill,4 Klaus Palme,3 Mark Estelle,2 and Joanne Chory1,5

1 Plant Biology Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037 USA; 2 Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA; 3 Max-Delbrueck-Laboratorium in der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, D-50829 Koln, Germany; 4 School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Polar auxin transport is crucial for the regulation of auxin action and required for some light-regulated responses during plant development. We have found that two mutants of Arabidopsis---doc1, which displays altered expression of light-regulated genes, and tir3, known for its reduced auxin transport---have similar defects and define mutations in a single gene that we have renamed BIG. BIG is very similar to the Drosophila gene Calossin/Pushover, a member of a gene family also present in Caenorhabditis elegans and human genomes. The protein encoded by BIG is extraordinary in size, 560 kD, and contains several putative Zn-finger domains. Expression-profiling experiments indicate that altered expression of multiple light-regulated genes in doc1 mutants can be suppressed by elevated levels of auxin caused by overexpression of an auxin biosynthetic gene, suggesting that normal auxin distribution is required to maintain low-level expression of these genes in the dark. Double mutants of tir3 with the auxin mutants pin1, pid, and axr1 display severe defects in auxin-dependent growth of the inflorescence. Chemical inhibitors of auxin transport change the intracellular localization of the auxin efflux carrier PIN1 in doc1/tir3 mutants, supporting the idea that BIG is required for normal auxin efflux.

[Key Words: Auxin transport; light signaling; Arabidopsis]


5 Corresponding author.


GENES & DEVELOPMENT 15:1985-1997 © 2001 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press  ISSN 0890-9369/01 $5.00

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