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Vol. 15, No. 20, pp. 2675-2686, October 15, 2001

RESEARCH PAPER
FIH-1: a novel protein that interacts with HIF-1alpha and VHL to mediate repression of HIF-1 transcriptional activity

Patrick C. Mahon,1,3 Kiichi Hirota,1,2,3 and Gregg L. Semenza1,4

1 Institute of Genetic Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-3914, USA; 2 Department of Anesthesia, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis that controls angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, and glycolysis via transcriptional activation of target genes under hypoxic conditions. O2-dependent binding of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor protein targets the HIF-1alpha subunit for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. The activity of the HIF-1alpha transactivation domains is also O2 regulated by a previously undefined mechanism. Here, we report the identification of factor inhibiting HIF-1 (FIH-1), a protein that binds to HIF-1alpha and inhibits its transactivation function. In addition, we demonstrate that FIH-1 binds to VHL and that VHL also functions as a transcriptional corepressor that inhibits HIF-1alpha transactivation function by recruiting histone deacetylases. Involvement of VHL in association with FIH-1 provides a unifying mechanism for the modulation of HIF-1alpha protein stabilization and transcriptional activation in response to changes in cellular O2 concentration.

[Key Words: Corepressor; histone deacetylase; hypoxia; transactivation]


3 These authors contributed equally to this work.

4 Corresponding author.


GENES & DEVELOPMENT 15:2675-2686 © 2001 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press  ISSN 0890-9369/01 $5.00

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