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Vol. 15, No. 23, pp. 3104-3117, December 1, 2001
Department of 1 Biochemistry and the
2 McGill Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec
H3G 1Y6, Canada; 3 Stowers Institute for Medical Research,
Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA; 4 Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center,
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73190, USA; 5 Department of Molecular
and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu
University, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-012, Japan; 6 Dana-Farber
Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
02115, USA; and 7 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
Although MDM2 plays a major role in regulating the stability of the
p53 tumor suppressor protein, other poorly understood MDM2-independent
pathways also exist. Human adenoviruses have evolved strategies to
regulate p53 function and stability to permit efficient viral
replication. One mechanism involves adenovirus E1B55K and E4orf6
proteins, which collaborate to target p53 for degradation. To determine
the mechanism of this process, a multiprotein E4orf6-associated complex
was purified and shown to contain a novel Cullin-containing E3
ubiquitin ligase that is (1) composed of Cullin family member Cul5,
Elongins B and C, and the RING-H2 finger protein Rbx1(ROC1); (2)
remarkably similar to the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor and SCF
(Skp1-Cul1/Cdc53-F-box) E3
ubiquitin ligase complexes; and (3) capable of stimulating
ubiquitination of p53 in vitro in the presence of E1/E2
ubiquitin-activating and -conjugating enzymes. Cullins are activated by
NEDD8 modification; therefore, to determine whether Cullin complexes
are required for adenovirus-induced p53 degradation, studies were
conducted in ts41 Chinese hamster ovary cells that are temperature
sensitive for the NEDD8 pathway. E4orf6/E1B55K failed to induce the
degradation of p53 at the nonpermissive temperature. Thus, our results
identify a novel role for the Cullin-based machinery in regulation of p53.
[Key Words: p53; adenovirus; protein degradation; Cullin complexes; ubiquitination; Elongin B; Elongin C; NEDD8]
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