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Vol. 16, No. 13, pp. 1616-1626, July 1, 2002
1 Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, and
Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA; 2 Department of
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University,
Houston, Texas 77005, USA
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an extensive class of ~22-nucleotide
noncoding RNAs thought to regulate gene expression in metazoans. We
find that miRNAs are also present in plants, indicating that this class
of noncoding RNA arose early in eukaryotic evolution. In this paper 16 Arabidopsis miRNAs are described, many of which have
differential expression patterns in development. Eight are absolutely
conserved in the rice genome. The plant miRNA loci potentially encode
stem-loop precursors similar to those processed by Dicer (a
ribonuclease III) in animals. Mutation of an Arabidopsis Dicer
homolog, CARPEL FACTORY, prevents the accumulation of miRNAs, showing
that similar mechanisms direct miRNA processing in plants and animals.
The previously described roles of CARPEL FACTORY in the
development of Arabidopsis embryos, leaves, and floral meristems suggest that the miRNAs could play regulatory roles in the
development of plants as well as animals.
[Key Words: miRNA; siRNA; ncRNA; Dicer; CARPEL FACTORY]
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