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PERSPECTIVE

MicroRNAs repress translation of m⁷Gppp-capped target mRNAs in vitro by inhibiting initiation and promoting deadenylation

Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom

The first 100 words of the full text of this article appear below.

The past decade has witnessed a veritable explosion in research into identifying the microRNA (miRNA) repertoires of various organisms and predicting the mRNA targets of these numerous miRNAs. By contrast, until quite recently, relatively little work had been done on investigating the mechanisms by which miRNAs control gene expression, which is the topic of this Perspective. We will concentrate primarily on mechanisms in vertebrates, drawing on Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans data where relevant but largely omitting plant miRNAs, as these seem sufficiently different in terms of mechanisms of action to make extrapolation between plant and vertebrate systems problematic. Although the . . . [Full Text of this Article]

	What are microRNAs and how do they differ from other small RNAs?

 

	The current state of the controversy over mechanism(s) of miRNA-mediated repression

 

	Recapitulation of miRNA-mediated repression in a cell-free system from 293 cells

 

	Other cell-free systems recapitulating miRNA mediated repression in vitro

 

	Conclusions that can be drawn from the in vitro recapitulations of miRNA-dependent repression

 

	The significance of interaction between Ago and the 5'-cap

 

	Note added in proof

 

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