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Transcription strategies in terminally differentiated cells: shaken to the core

Regulatory Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA

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The formation of mature tissues and cell types in eukaryotic organisms requires that cells undergo a regulated series of steps leading to terminal cell differentiation, which includes a permanent withdrawal from the cell cycle and the eventual cessation of all cell proliferation. Concomitant with this process is the stable repression of many genes involved in normal cell growth and cell cycle control, accompanied by profound changes in nuclear chromatin structure that arise as previously active genes gradually become silenced and are modified epigenetically to form facultative heterochromatin (Grigoryev et al. 2006). At the same time, newly activated signaling pathways . . . [Full Text of this Article]

	Widespread loss of TFIID subunits in terminally differentiated cells

 

	Selective retention of TRF3 (TRF3/TBP2) and TAF3 proteins in differentiated myotubes

 

	TRF3 may also be linked to retinoblastoma (Rb) expression

 

	Altered P-TEFb subunit composition in terminally differentiated cells

 

	A major shake-up in SWI2/SNF2-like chromatin remodeling complexes upon neuronal cell differentiation

 

	A conserved strategy for transcription in terminally differentiated cells?

 

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