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PERSPECTIVE
Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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It has long been debated whether the processes and mechanisms responsible for phenotypic variation within a population or between closely related populations can be extrapolated to explain evolutionary trends over longer phylogenetic distances and especially the generation of novel structures. Although there has been great progress in recent years in addressing the genetic basis for microevolutionary changes, for the most part these efforts have done little to address this debate. Evolutionary genetic studies, by their nature, can only be applied to closely related groups. For example, quantitative trait mapping is limited to species with distinct morphological traits that are capable
| Bat bone biology |
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| The fossil record and the emergence of mammalian flight |
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| Summary and perspective |
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